Factors influencing the job satisfaction among female delivery riders in developing countries
Email:
lamhv@utt.edu.vn
Keywords:
Female delivery riders, urban logistics, last-mile delivery, job satisfaction
Abstract
Job satisfaction is a topic that attracts widespread interest from both employees in organizations and researchers. The job satisfaction of female delivery workers in the last-mile delivery sector is currently a research gap, as female delivery workers are an emerging labor force in this field. This study was conducted based on a research model built on the Job-Demands Resources (JD-R) theory, with data collected from 395 female delivery workers in November 2024 in Hanoi, Vietnam. The results, which were derived from the use of the Structural Equation Modeling method based on the Partial Least Squares approach, indicated that job demands and job burnout reduced directly job satisfaction. Meanwhile, job resources increased job satisfaction. Notably, the impact of job resources was the largest among the factors. Female delivery workers who used manual transmission motorcycles and were married tended to be more satisfied with their work. Based on the findings of influential factors, policy implications to increase the satisfaction among female delivery riders were proposedReferences
[1]. P. Spector, Job Satisfaction: Application, Assessment, Causes, and Consequences, SAGE Publications, Inc., 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks California 91320 United States, 1997. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452231549
[2]. M. Price, Job satisfaction of registered nurses working in an acute hospital, Br J Nurs, 11 (2002) 275–280. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2002.11.4.10080
[3]. Y. Brunetto, S.T.T. Teo, K. Shacklock, R. Farr-Wharton, Emotional intelligence, job satisfaction, well-being and engagement: explaining organisational commitment and turnover intentions in policing, Human Resource Management Journal, 22 (2012) 428–441. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-8583.2012.00198.x
[4]. T. Bányai, Real-Time Decision Making in First Mile and Last Mile Logistics: How Smart Scheduling Affects Energy Efficiency of Hyperconnected Supply Chain Solutions, Energies, 11 (2018) 1833. https://doi.org/10.3390/en11071833
[5]. Grab VN, Cân Bằng Công Việc và Cuộc Sống Khi Lái Xe với Grab, Grab (2018). https://www.grab.com/vn/en/blog/phu-nu-vuot-ra-khoi-dinh-kien/ (accessed November 10, 2024).
[6]. M.H. Nguyen, D. Pojani, D.Q. Nguyen-Phuoc, B. Nguyen Thi, What if delivery riders quit? Challenges to last-mile logistics during the Covid-19 pandemic, Research in Transportation Business & Management, (2022) 100941. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rtbm.2022.100941
[7]. A.B. Bakker, E. Demerouti, The Job Demands‐Resources model: state of the art, Journal of Managerial Psych, 22 (2007) 309–328. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940710733115
[8]. R.T. Borst, P.M. Kruyen, C.J. Lako, Exploring the Job Demands–Resources Model of Work Engagement in Government: Bringing in a Psychological Perspective, Review of Public Personnel Administration, 39 (2019) 372–397. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734371X17729870
[9]. A.B. Bakker, J.J. Hakanen, E. Demerouti, D. Xanthopoulou, Job resources boost work engagement, particularly when job demands are high, Journal of Educational Psychology, 99 (2007) 274–284. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.99.2.274
[10]. J.D. Nahrgang, F.P. Morgeson, D.A. Hofmann, Safety at work: A meta-analytic investigation of the link between job demands, job resources, burnout, engagement, and safety outcomes, Journal of Applied Psychology, 96 (2011) 71–94. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021484
[11] S.J. Ashford, B.B. Caza, E.M. Reid, From surviving to thriving in the gig economy: A research agenda for individuals in the new world of work, Research in Organizational Behavior, 38 (2018) 23–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.riob.2018.11.001
[12]. C.J. Martin, The sharing economy: A pathway to sustainability or a nightmarish form of neoliberal capitalism?, Ecological Economics, 121 (2016) 149–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2015.11.027
[13]. H. Mayerl, E. Stolz, F. Großschädl, É. Rásky, W. Freidl, The moderating role of personal resources in the relationship between psychosocial job demands and health: a cross-sectional study, BMJ Open, 7 (2017) e015710. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015710
[14]. C.M. Cheung, R.P. Zhang, Q. Cui, S.-C. Hsu, The antecedents of safety leadership: The job demands-resources model, Safety Science, 133 (2021) 104979. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2020.104979
[15]. I. Hansez, N. Chmiel, Safety behavior: Job demands, job resources, and perceived management commitment to safety, Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 15 (2010) 267–278. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0019528
[16]. R.S. Lazarus, Emotion and adaptation, 1st ed, Oxford Univ. Press, New York, 1994.
[17]. M.H. Nguyen, D.Q. Nguyen-Phuoc, O. Oviedo-Trespalacios, Non-fatal traffic crashes among food delivery riders in Vietnam: What is the problem?, Traffic Injury Prevention, 24 (2023) 686–692. https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2023.2238862
[18]. D.Q. Nguyen-Phuoc, H.A. Nguyen, C. De Gruyter, D.N. Su, V.H. Nguyen, Exploring the prevalence and factors associated with self-reported traffic crashes among app-based motorcycle taxis in Vietnam, Transport Policy, 81 (2019) 68–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2019.06.006
[19]. D. Quy Nguyen-Phuoc, L. Ngoc Thi Nguyen, D. Ngoc Su, M.H. Nguyen, O. Oviedo-Trespalacios, Deadly meals: The influence of personal and job factors on burnout and risky riding behaviours of food delivery motorcyclists, Safety Science, 159 (2023) 106007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2022.106007
[20]. J. F. Hair Jr, M. Sarstedt, L. Hopkins, V. G. Kuppelwieser, Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM): An emerging tool in business research, European Business Review, 26 (2014) 106–121. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-10-2013-0128
[21]. T.A. Judge, J.E. Bono, A. Erez, E.A. Locke, Core Self-Evaluations and Job and Life Satisfaction: The Role of Self-Concordance and Goal Attainment, Journal of Applied Psychology, 90 (2005) 257–268. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.90.2.257
[22]. R.P. Tett, J.P. Meyer, Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, Turnover Intention, and Turnover: Path Analyses Based on Meta-Analytic Findings, Personnel Psychology, 46 (1993) 259–293. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1993.tb00874.x
[23]. I. Hidayati, W. Tan, C. Yamu, How gender differences and perceptions of safety shape urban mobility in Southeast Asia, Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 73 (2020) 155–173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2020.06.014
[24]. D. Harrington, N. Bean, D. Pintello, D. Mathews, Job Satisfaction and Burnout, Administration in Social Work, 25 (2001) 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1300/J147v25n03_01
[2]. M. Price, Job satisfaction of registered nurses working in an acute hospital, Br J Nurs, 11 (2002) 275–280. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2002.11.4.10080
[3]. Y. Brunetto, S.T.T. Teo, K. Shacklock, R. Farr-Wharton, Emotional intelligence, job satisfaction, well-being and engagement: explaining organisational commitment and turnover intentions in policing, Human Resource Management Journal, 22 (2012) 428–441. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-8583.2012.00198.x
[4]. T. Bányai, Real-Time Decision Making in First Mile and Last Mile Logistics: How Smart Scheduling Affects Energy Efficiency of Hyperconnected Supply Chain Solutions, Energies, 11 (2018) 1833. https://doi.org/10.3390/en11071833
[5]. Grab VN, Cân Bằng Công Việc và Cuộc Sống Khi Lái Xe với Grab, Grab (2018). https://www.grab.com/vn/en/blog/phu-nu-vuot-ra-khoi-dinh-kien/ (accessed November 10, 2024).
[6]. M.H. Nguyen, D. Pojani, D.Q. Nguyen-Phuoc, B. Nguyen Thi, What if delivery riders quit? Challenges to last-mile logistics during the Covid-19 pandemic, Research in Transportation Business & Management, (2022) 100941. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rtbm.2022.100941
[7]. A.B. Bakker, E. Demerouti, The Job Demands‐Resources model: state of the art, Journal of Managerial Psych, 22 (2007) 309–328. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940710733115
[8]. R.T. Borst, P.M. Kruyen, C.J. Lako, Exploring the Job Demands–Resources Model of Work Engagement in Government: Bringing in a Psychological Perspective, Review of Public Personnel Administration, 39 (2019) 372–397. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734371X17729870
[9]. A.B. Bakker, J.J. Hakanen, E. Demerouti, D. Xanthopoulou, Job resources boost work engagement, particularly when job demands are high, Journal of Educational Psychology, 99 (2007) 274–284. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.99.2.274
[10]. J.D. Nahrgang, F.P. Morgeson, D.A. Hofmann, Safety at work: A meta-analytic investigation of the link between job demands, job resources, burnout, engagement, and safety outcomes, Journal of Applied Psychology, 96 (2011) 71–94. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021484
[11] S.J. Ashford, B.B. Caza, E.M. Reid, From surviving to thriving in the gig economy: A research agenda for individuals in the new world of work, Research in Organizational Behavior, 38 (2018) 23–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.riob.2018.11.001
[12]. C.J. Martin, The sharing economy: A pathway to sustainability or a nightmarish form of neoliberal capitalism?, Ecological Economics, 121 (2016) 149–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2015.11.027
[13]. H. Mayerl, E. Stolz, F. Großschädl, É. Rásky, W. Freidl, The moderating role of personal resources in the relationship between psychosocial job demands and health: a cross-sectional study, BMJ Open, 7 (2017) e015710. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015710
[14]. C.M. Cheung, R.P. Zhang, Q. Cui, S.-C. Hsu, The antecedents of safety leadership: The job demands-resources model, Safety Science, 133 (2021) 104979. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2020.104979
[15]. I. Hansez, N. Chmiel, Safety behavior: Job demands, job resources, and perceived management commitment to safety, Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 15 (2010) 267–278. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0019528
[16]. R.S. Lazarus, Emotion and adaptation, 1st ed, Oxford Univ. Press, New York, 1994.
[17]. M.H. Nguyen, D.Q. Nguyen-Phuoc, O. Oviedo-Trespalacios, Non-fatal traffic crashes among food delivery riders in Vietnam: What is the problem?, Traffic Injury Prevention, 24 (2023) 686–692. https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2023.2238862
[18]. D.Q. Nguyen-Phuoc, H.A. Nguyen, C. De Gruyter, D.N. Su, V.H. Nguyen, Exploring the prevalence and factors associated with self-reported traffic crashes among app-based motorcycle taxis in Vietnam, Transport Policy, 81 (2019) 68–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2019.06.006
[19]. D. Quy Nguyen-Phuoc, L. Ngoc Thi Nguyen, D. Ngoc Su, M.H. Nguyen, O. Oviedo-Trespalacios, Deadly meals: The influence of personal and job factors on burnout and risky riding behaviours of food delivery motorcyclists, Safety Science, 159 (2023) 106007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2022.106007
[20]. J. F. Hair Jr, M. Sarstedt, L. Hopkins, V. G. Kuppelwieser, Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM): An emerging tool in business research, European Business Review, 26 (2014) 106–121. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-10-2013-0128
[21]. T.A. Judge, J.E. Bono, A. Erez, E.A. Locke, Core Self-Evaluations and Job and Life Satisfaction: The Role of Self-Concordance and Goal Attainment, Journal of Applied Psychology, 90 (2005) 257–268. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.90.2.257
[22]. R.P. Tett, J.P. Meyer, Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, Turnover Intention, and Turnover: Path Analyses Based on Meta-Analytic Findings, Personnel Psychology, 46 (1993) 259–293. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1993.tb00874.x
[23]. I. Hidayati, W. Tan, C. Yamu, How gender differences and perceptions of safety shape urban mobility in Southeast Asia, Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 73 (2020) 155–173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2020.06.014
[24]. D. Harrington, N. Bean, D. Pintello, D. Mathews, Job Satisfaction and Burnout, Administration in Social Work, 25 (2001) 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1300/J147v25n03_01
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
Received
04/04/2025
Revised
21/04/2025
Accepted
10/06/2025
Published
15/06/2025
Type
Research Article
How to Cite
Nguyễn Minh, N., Nguyễn Thị Hồng, T., Nguyễn Khánh, L., Nguyễn Thị Bích, N., Nguyễn Thị Nguyệt, Q., Nguyễn Văn, T., Lê Thị, L., Hoàng Văn, L., & Nguyễn Minh, H. (1749920400). Factors influencing the job satisfaction among female delivery riders in developing countries. Transport and Communications Science Journal, 76(5), 688-700. https://doi.org/10.47869/tcsj.76.5.4
Abstract Views
162
Total Galley Views
68
