CFD-based investigation of temporal clear-water local scour around a cylindrical bridge pier using REEF3D
Email:
mqhuy@utc.edu.vn
Từ khóa:
bridge pier scour, clear-water scour, CFD, morphodynamic modeling, REEF3D, sediment transport
Tóm tắt
Local scour around bridge piers is a major threat to foundation stability, and accurate prediction of its temporal development is important for bridge safety assessment. This study investigates clear-water local scour around a cylindrical bridge pier using an existing laboratory dataset and three-dimensional CFD-based morphodynamic simulation with REEF3D. The experimental dataset comprises 21 time-resolved scour-depth measurements collected over a 330-min test. The numerical model solves the incompressible RANS equations with the standard k- turbulence model and couples the hydrodynamic solution with the Engelund–Fredsøe bed-load formulation and movable-bed evolution. Mesh-resolution and critical Shields parameter sensitivity analyses were conducted to identify a suitable calibrated configuration. The selected configuration reproduced the measured temporal scour development with satisfactory agreement and captured the characteristic progression from rapid initial erosion through transitional scour growth to gradual stabilization toward quasi-equilibrium. The results indicate that a properly calibrated REEF3D framework can reproduce the temporal development of clear-water pier scour with reasonable accuracy, although broader independent validation is required before general engineering application.Tài liệu tham khảo
[1]. L. Deng, W. Wang, Y. Yu, State-of-the-art review on the causes and mechanisms of bridge collapse, Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities, 30 (2016) 04015005. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0000731
[2]. W. Xiong, C. S. Cai, R. Zhang, H. Shi, C. Xu, Review of hydraulic bridge failures: Historical statistic analysis, failure modes, and prediction methods, Journal of Bridge Engineering, 28 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1061/JBENF2.BEENG-5763
[3]. L. Deng, C. S. Cai, Bridge scour: Prediction, modeling, monitoring, and countermeasures-Review, Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction, 15 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)SC.1943-5576.0000041
[4]. H. Q. Mai, P. D. Nguyen, A review on protection methods against debris accumulation for bridge in mountain areas, in: C. Ha-Minh, D. Dao, F. Benboudjema, S. Derrible, D. Huynh, A. Tang (Eds.), CIGOS 2019, Innovation for Sustainable Infrastructure, Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol. 54, Springer, Singapore, 2020, pp. 233-238. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0802-8_34
[5]. G. Zhang, Y. Liu, J. Liu, S. Lan, J. Yang, Causes and statistical characteristics of bridge failures: A review, Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering (English Edition), 9 (2022) 388-406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtte.2021.12.003
[6]. B. W. Melville, S. E. Coleman, Bridge Scour, Water Resources Publications, Highlands Ranch, Colorado, 2000.
[7]. J. E. Richardson, V. G. Panchang, Three-dimensional simulation of scour-inducing flow at bridge piers, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 124 (1998) 530-540. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1998)124:5(530)
[8]. H. N. C. Breusers, G. Nicollet, H. W. Shen, Local scour around cylindrical piers, Journal of Hydraulic Research, 15 (1977) 211-252. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221687709499645
[9]. D. C. Froehlich, Analysis of onsite measurements of scour at piers, in: Hydraulic Engineering: Proceedings of the 1988 National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, Colorado Springs, CO, 1988, pp. 534-539.
[10]. E. V. Richardson, S. R. Davis, Evaluating Scour at Bridges, fourth ed., Hydraulic Engineering Circular No. 18, FHWA-NHI-01-001, Federal Highway Administration, 2001.
[11]. T. T. Pham, Q. H. Mai, Evaluating bridge abutment scour models under varying contraction, Roads and Bridges – Drogi i Mosty, 25 (2026) 155-166. https://doi.org/10.7409/rabdim.026.011
[12]. S. Dey, S. Z. Ali, The universal two-fifths law of pier scour, Physics of Fluids, 36 (2024) 041401. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0200865
[13]. A. Khosronejad, S. Kang, F. Sotiropoulos, Experimental and computational investigation of local scour around bridge piers, Advances in Water Resources, 37 (2012) 73-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2011.09.013
[14]. W. Xiong, C. S. Cai, B. Kong, X. Kong, CFD simulations and analyses for bridge-scour development using a dynamic-mesh updating technique, Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 30 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CP.1943-5487.0000458
[15]. W. Xiong, P. Tang, B. Kong, C. S. Cai, Computational simulation of live-bed bridge scour considering suspended sediment loads, Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 31 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CP.1943-5487.0000689
[16]. A. M. Bento, J. P. Pêgo, T. Viseu, L. Couto, Scour development around an oblong bridge pier: A numerical and experimental study, Water, 15 (2023) 2867. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15162867
[17]. W. Huang, Q. Yang, H. Xiao, CFD modeling of scale effects on turbulence flow and scour around bridge piers, Computers & Fluids, 38 (2009) 1050-1058. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2008.01.029
[18]. P. Yu, L. Zhu, Numerical simulation of local scour around bridge piers using novel inlet turbulent boundary conditions, Ocean Engineering, 218 (2020) 108166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2020.108166
[19]. P. Yu, S. Xu, J. Chen, L. Zhu, J. Zhou, L. Yu, Z. Sun, Three-dimensional numerical modeling of local scour around bridge foundations based on an improved wall shear stress model, Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 12 (2024) 2187. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12122187
[20]. M. Hamidi, M. Sadeqlu, A. Mahdian Khalili, Investigating the design and arrangement of dual submerged vanes as mitigation countermeasure of bridge pier scour depth using a numerical approach, Ocean Engineering, 299 (2024) 117270. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2024.117270
[21]. H. Bihs, A. Kamath, M. Alagan Chella, A. Aggarwal, Ø. A. Arntsen, A new level set numerical wave tank with improved density interpolation for complex wave hydrodynamics, Computers & Fluids, 140 (2016) 191-208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2016.09.012
[22]. REEF3D, REEF3D User Guide. https://github.com/REEF3D/REEF3D/blob/master/REEF3D-UserGuide.pdf.
[23]. M. S. Afzal, H. Bihs, A. Kamath, Ø. A. Arntsen, Three-dimensional numerical modeling of pier scour under current and waves using level-set method, Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering, 137 (2015) 032001. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4029999
[24]. G. Fleit, S. Baranya, R. Ehlers, H. Bihs, CFD modeling of flow and local scour around submerged bridge decks, Journal of Coastal and Hydraulic Structures, 3 (2023) 26. https://doi.org/10.48438/jchs.2023.0026
[25]. D. P. Nguyen, Local scour at bridge piers under clear-water conditions, 2013 (in Vietnamese). https://giaothong.tapchixaydung.vn/xoi-cuc-bo-tru-cau-trong-dieu-kien-xoi-nuoc-trong-1834347.htm.
[26]. B. Liang, S. Du, X. Pan, L. Zhang, Local scour for vertical piles in steady currents: Review of mechanisms, influencing factors and empirical equations, Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 8 (2020) 4. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse8010004
[27]. D. C. Wilcox, Simulation of transition with a two-equation turbulence model, AIAA Journal, 32 (1994) 247-255. https://doi.org/10.2514/3.59994
[28]. F. Engelund, J. Fredsøe, A sediment transport model for straight alluvial channels, Hydrological Research, 7 (1976) 293-306. https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.1976.0019
[29]. S. Dey, Fluvial Hydrodynamics: Hydrodynamic and Sediment Transport Phenomena, revised second ed., Springer, Cham, Switzerland, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26038-4
[30]. J. Unger, W. H. Hager, Down-flow and horseshoe vortex characteristics of sediment embedded bridge piers, Experiments in Fluids, 42 (2007) 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-006-0209-7
[2]. W. Xiong, C. S. Cai, R. Zhang, H. Shi, C. Xu, Review of hydraulic bridge failures: Historical statistic analysis, failure modes, and prediction methods, Journal of Bridge Engineering, 28 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1061/JBENF2.BEENG-5763
[3]. L. Deng, C. S. Cai, Bridge scour: Prediction, modeling, monitoring, and countermeasures-Review, Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction, 15 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)SC.1943-5576.0000041
[4]. H. Q. Mai, P. D. Nguyen, A review on protection methods against debris accumulation for bridge in mountain areas, in: C. Ha-Minh, D. Dao, F. Benboudjema, S. Derrible, D. Huynh, A. Tang (Eds.), CIGOS 2019, Innovation for Sustainable Infrastructure, Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol. 54, Springer, Singapore, 2020, pp. 233-238. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0802-8_34
[5]. G. Zhang, Y. Liu, J. Liu, S. Lan, J. Yang, Causes and statistical characteristics of bridge failures: A review, Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering (English Edition), 9 (2022) 388-406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtte.2021.12.003
[6]. B. W. Melville, S. E. Coleman, Bridge Scour, Water Resources Publications, Highlands Ranch, Colorado, 2000.
[7]. J. E. Richardson, V. G. Panchang, Three-dimensional simulation of scour-inducing flow at bridge piers, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 124 (1998) 530-540. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1998)124:5(530)
[8]. H. N. C. Breusers, G. Nicollet, H. W. Shen, Local scour around cylindrical piers, Journal of Hydraulic Research, 15 (1977) 211-252. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221687709499645
[9]. D. C. Froehlich, Analysis of onsite measurements of scour at piers, in: Hydraulic Engineering: Proceedings of the 1988 National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, Colorado Springs, CO, 1988, pp. 534-539.
[10]. E. V. Richardson, S. R. Davis, Evaluating Scour at Bridges, fourth ed., Hydraulic Engineering Circular No. 18, FHWA-NHI-01-001, Federal Highway Administration, 2001.
[11]. T. T. Pham, Q. H. Mai, Evaluating bridge abutment scour models under varying contraction, Roads and Bridges – Drogi i Mosty, 25 (2026) 155-166. https://doi.org/10.7409/rabdim.026.011
[12]. S. Dey, S. Z. Ali, The universal two-fifths law of pier scour, Physics of Fluids, 36 (2024) 041401. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0200865
[13]. A. Khosronejad, S. Kang, F. Sotiropoulos, Experimental and computational investigation of local scour around bridge piers, Advances in Water Resources, 37 (2012) 73-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2011.09.013
[14]. W. Xiong, C. S. Cai, B. Kong, X. Kong, CFD simulations and analyses for bridge-scour development using a dynamic-mesh updating technique, Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 30 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CP.1943-5487.0000458
[15]. W. Xiong, P. Tang, B. Kong, C. S. Cai, Computational simulation of live-bed bridge scour considering suspended sediment loads, Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 31 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CP.1943-5487.0000689
[16]. A. M. Bento, J. P. Pêgo, T. Viseu, L. Couto, Scour development around an oblong bridge pier: A numerical and experimental study, Water, 15 (2023) 2867. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15162867
[17]. W. Huang, Q. Yang, H. Xiao, CFD modeling of scale effects on turbulence flow and scour around bridge piers, Computers & Fluids, 38 (2009) 1050-1058. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2008.01.029
[18]. P. Yu, L. Zhu, Numerical simulation of local scour around bridge piers using novel inlet turbulent boundary conditions, Ocean Engineering, 218 (2020) 108166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2020.108166
[19]. P. Yu, S. Xu, J. Chen, L. Zhu, J. Zhou, L. Yu, Z. Sun, Three-dimensional numerical modeling of local scour around bridge foundations based on an improved wall shear stress model, Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 12 (2024) 2187. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12122187
[20]. M. Hamidi, M. Sadeqlu, A. Mahdian Khalili, Investigating the design and arrangement of dual submerged vanes as mitigation countermeasure of bridge pier scour depth using a numerical approach, Ocean Engineering, 299 (2024) 117270. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2024.117270
[21]. H. Bihs, A. Kamath, M. Alagan Chella, A. Aggarwal, Ø. A. Arntsen, A new level set numerical wave tank with improved density interpolation for complex wave hydrodynamics, Computers & Fluids, 140 (2016) 191-208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2016.09.012
[22]. REEF3D, REEF3D User Guide. https://github.com/REEF3D/REEF3D/blob/master/REEF3D-UserGuide.pdf.
[23]. M. S. Afzal, H. Bihs, A. Kamath, Ø. A. Arntsen, Three-dimensional numerical modeling of pier scour under current and waves using level-set method, Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering, 137 (2015) 032001. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4029999
[24]. G. Fleit, S. Baranya, R. Ehlers, H. Bihs, CFD modeling of flow and local scour around submerged bridge decks, Journal of Coastal and Hydraulic Structures, 3 (2023) 26. https://doi.org/10.48438/jchs.2023.0026
[25]. D. P. Nguyen, Local scour at bridge piers under clear-water conditions, 2013 (in Vietnamese). https://giaothong.tapchixaydung.vn/xoi-cuc-bo-tru-cau-trong-dieu-kien-xoi-nuoc-trong-1834347.htm.
[26]. B. Liang, S. Du, X. Pan, L. Zhang, Local scour for vertical piles in steady currents: Review of mechanisms, influencing factors and empirical equations, Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 8 (2020) 4. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse8010004
[27]. D. C. Wilcox, Simulation of transition with a two-equation turbulence model, AIAA Journal, 32 (1994) 247-255. https://doi.org/10.2514/3.59994
[28]. F. Engelund, J. Fredsøe, A sediment transport model for straight alluvial channels, Hydrological Research, 7 (1976) 293-306. https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.1976.0019
[29]. S. Dey, Fluvial Hydrodynamics: Hydrodynamic and Sediment Transport Phenomena, revised second ed., Springer, Cham, Switzerland, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26038-4
[30]. J. Unger, W. H. Hager, Down-flow and horseshoe vortex characteristics of sediment embedded bridge piers, Experiments in Fluids, 42 (2007) 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-006-0209-7
Tải xuống
Chưa có dữ liệu thống kê
.jpg)
Nhận bài
16/08/2026
Nhận bài sửa
06/11/2026
Chấp nhận đăng
11/11/2026
Xuất bản
15/11/2026
Chuyên mục
Công trình khoa học
Kiểu trích dẫn
Mai Quang, H., & Nguyen Dang, P. (1794675600). CFD-based investigation of temporal clear-water local scour around a cylindrical bridge pier using REEF3D. Tạp Chí Khoa Học Giao Thông Vận Tải, 77(9), 1275-1290. https://doi.org/10.47869/tcsj.77.9.11
