Analysis of slope stability under dynamic vehicle loads induced by rough flexible pavements
Email:
quanhv_ph@utc.edu.vn
Từ khóa:
Slope stability, factor of safety, Fellenius method, flexible pavement, dynamic wheel loads.
Tóm tắt
Uneven pavement surfaces increase the dynamic loads generated by moving vehicles. However, stability analyses of road embankments often neglect the influence of vehicle vibrations on slope stability. Therefore, considering the interaction between vehicles, pavement conditions, and slope response provides a more realistic evaluation of embankment stability. In this study, vehicle dynamics are simulated using a quarter-car model (QCM), pavement roughness is represented by the International Roughness Index (IRI), and slope stability is evaluated using the Fellenius method. Numerical simulations were conducted for an 8-m-high, 1:1 cut slope in homogeneous saturated cohesive soil under vehicle speeds of 20, 40, and 60 km/h. Four pavement roughness levels with IRI values of 2, 3, 5, and 7 were considered. Dynamic wheel loads for car and truck models were simulated in MATLAB-Simulink over 150 s using the Runge-Kutta integration method. The results show that the static factor of safety (FoS) is 2.05 for the car and 2.03 for the truck. Under dynamic loading with IRI=7, the FoS decreases to 1.96-2.00 for cars and 1.92-1.96 for trucks, depending on vehicle speed. The findings indicate that increasing pavement roughness and vehicle loads reduce slope stability and should be considered in road embankment design and assessment.Tài liệu tham khảo
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2. Y. M. Cheng, C. K. Lau, Slope stability analysis and stabilization: New methods and Insight, CRC press, New York, 2008.
[3]. B. A. Dinh, Soil Mechanics, Construction Publishing House, Ha Noi, 2006. (in Vietnamese)
[4]. N. D. Dung, Soil Mechanics, Construction Publishing House, Ha Noi, 2007. (in Vietnamese)
[5]. Online: Bentley-Geotechnical Engineering, https://www.bentley.com/software/geotechnical-engineering/. (accessed on 08 December 2025)
[6]. Online: GeoStudio-Support Portal, https://www.geoslope.support/home/#. (accessed on 08 December 2025)
[7]. E. M. Dawson, W. H. Roth, Slope stability analysis with Flac, In Flac and numerical modeling in geomechanics, CRC Press, Ontario, 2020.
[8]. R. Chakraborty, A. Dey, Probabilistic slope stability analysis: State-of-the-art review and future prospects, Innovative Infrastructure Solutions, 7 (2022) 177. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41062-022-00784-1
[9]. L. Wang, C. Wu, L. Tang, W. Zhang, S. Lacasse, H. Liu, L. Gao, Efficient reliability analysis of earth dam slope stability using extreme gradient boosting method, Acta Geotechnica, 15 (2020) 3135-3150. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11440-020-00962-4
[10]. N. Kardani, A. Zhou, M. Nazem, S. L. Shen, Improved prediction of slope stability using a hybrid stacking ensemble method based on finite element analysis and field data, Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 13 (2021)188-201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrmge.2020.05.011
[11]. T. Li, W.Gong, H. Tang, L. Zhang, A meshed kinematical approach for 3D slope stability analysis, International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics, 46 (2022) 2913-2930. https://doi.org/10.1002/nag.3433
[12]. W. Gao, S. Ge, A comprehensive review of slope stability analysis based on artificial intelligence methods, Expert Systems with Applications, 239 (2024) 122400. https://doi.org/10.1002/nag.3433
[13]. C. Y. Chen, H. W. Chen, W. C. Wu, Numerical modeling of interactions of rainfall and earthquakes on slope stability analysis, Environmental Earth Sciences, 80 (2021) 524. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-021-09855-5
[14]. Z. Ma, H. Liao, F. Dang, Y. Cheng, Seismic slope stability and failure process analysis using explicit finite element method, Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 80 (2021) 1287-1301. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-020-01989-3
[15]. Y. Zhang, H. Jiang, G. Bai, B. Han, Coupling action of rainfall and vehicle loads impact on the stability of loess slopes based on the iso-water content layer, Earthquake Research Advances, 2 (2022) 100143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100143
[16]. P. Rao, J. Meng, J. Cui, W. Fen, S. Nimbalkar, Z. Liu, Stability analysis of unsaturated soil pit under vehicle load, Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 42 (2024) 4987-5001. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-024-02825-1
[17]. T. N. T. Hai, N. T. Vu, Numerical analysis of slope stability by discrete element method, Journal of Science and Technology in Civil Engineering, 2 (2022) 21-28. (in Vietnamese)
[18]. T. N. M. Tam, K. P. Q. Ta, T. V. M. Thien, Bearing capacity analysis of shallow foundations on slopes using limit equilibrium theory, Journal of Science and Technology in Civil Engineering, 3-4 (2013) 1-9. (in Vietnamese)
[19]. N. T. Kien, T. N. Linh, N. M. Quan, Application of finite element method and machine learning for analyzing slope reinforcement with a row of vertical piles, Journal of Building Materials Research and Development, 15 (2025) 232-239. (in Vietnamese) https://doi.org/10.54772/jomc.03.2025.1007
[20]. C. T. Linh, N. T. Quang, Analysis of embankment slope stability by limit equilibrium method and finite element method according to AASHTO-LRFD, The University of Danang-Journal of Science and Technology, 19 (2021) 69-74. (in Vietnamese)
[21]. L. T. Nghia, M. C. Huy, N. H. T. Hau, T. C. Anh, T. V. Ninh, P. T Kien, N. M. Trung, Slope stability assessment using the finite element method and artificial neural network models, Journal of Materials and Construction, 15 (2025), 201-205. (in Vietnamese) https://doi.org/10.54772/jomc.03.2025.1013
[22]. P. Kien, T. V. Thien, Slope stability assessment of clay slopes considering long-term deformation behavior, Journal of Transport, 1-2 (2025) 69-72. (in Vietnamese)
[23]. M. T. Le, Applying soil-water characteristic curves to slope stability analysis, Master Thesis, University of Science and Technology-The University of Da Nang, Da Nang, Viet Nam, 2023. (in Vietnamese)
[24]. N. T. Q. Nhu, T. N. K. Ton, Application of Neo-Web materials for slope stabilization in road embankment construction, Journal of Transport, 6 (2023) 95-98. (in Vietnamese)
[25]. N. V. Du, N. V. Hung, P. N. Bay, Assessment of the impact of soil physical properties and vegetation on embankment stability, Transport and Communications Science Journal, 76 (2025) 361-372. (in Vietnamese) https://doi.org/10.47869/tcsj.76.3.13
[26]. N. V. Du, N. V. Hung, A study on the influence of dynamic loads on the stability of road embankment slopes, Journal of Transport, 64 (2024), 26-29. (in Vietnamese)
[27]. V. V. Tan, T. M. Hung, O. Sename, An investigation into the ride comfort of buses using an air suspension system, International Journal of Heavy Vehicle Systems, 28 (2021) 184-205. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJHVS.2021.115595
[28]. V. V. Tan, Two‐Layer Parallel Fuzzy Logic Controller Design for Semiactive Suspension System with a Full Car Model, Shock and Vibration, 2023 (2023) 7020462. https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/7020462
[29]. V. V. Tan, N. V. Vinh, P. T. Thang, A. Mihaly, P. Gaspar, optimizing a Hybrid controller for automotive active suspension system by using genetic algorithms with two high level parameters, IEEE Access, 12 (2024), 172451-172464. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3499352
[30]. H. V. Quan, T. M. Canh, L. V. Phuc, Vehicle model dynamic analysis under random excitation of uneven pavement as measured by the international roughness index, Transport and Communications Science Journal, 8 (2023) 866-880. (in Vietnamese) https://doi.org/10.47869/tcsj.74.8.2
[31]. H. V. Quan, L. V. Phuc, A simple formula in calculating the flexible pavement life based on the influence of dynamic vehicle-uneven pavement interaction, Transportation Infrastructure Geotechnology, 12 (2025) 82. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40515-025-00538-3
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[33]. H. V. Quan, Evaluating dynamic tire pressure variations on uneven road surfaces, Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology, 62 (2025) 601-611. https://doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/19409
[34]. Viet Nam National Standard, TCVN 13346:202: The landslide prevention engineering on road requirements for investigation and design. (in Vietnamese)
[35]. National Specification of Vietnam, 22TCN 211-06: Flexible Pavement Design-Specification and Guidelines. (in Vietnamese).
[36]. National Specification of Vietnam, TCVN 4054:2005: Highway-Specifications for design. (in Vietnamese)
[37]. National Specification of Vietnam, TCVN 8865:2011: Method for Measuring and Assessment roughness by International Roughness Index. (in Vietnamese)
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09/12/2025
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11/05/2026
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13/05/2026
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15/05/2026
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Kiểu trích dẫn
Huynh Van, Q. (1778778000). Analysis of slope stability under dynamic vehicle loads induced by rough flexible pavements. Tạp Chí Khoa Học Giao Thông Vận Tải, 77(4), 416-430. https://doi.org/10.47869/tcsj.77.4.6
