https://tcsj.utc.edu.vn/index.php/tcgtvt Transport and Communications Science Journal (TCSJ) vi-VN Transport and Communications Science Journal 1859-2724 https://tcsj.utc.edu.vn/index.php/tcgtvt/article/view/2310 For imported mechanical equipment, including the CAT 3512B engine used on the China-manufactured D19E diesel locomotive, the documentation supplied by manufacturers is typically restricted to fundamental technical specifications. In contrast, reliability-related parameters established during the design and production stages, which are essential for operational performance and maintenance planning, are seldom made available. Consequently, it becomes necessary to evaluate the reliability of key locomotive subsystems, particularly the engine crankshaft bearing system. The crankshaft bearing system of a diesel engine is composed of journal bearings operating under hydrodynamic lubrication. From the standpoint of reliability engineering, this system may be modeled as a series configuration consisting of multiple components, in which failure of any individual element can lead to functional failure of the entire system. Accordingly, this study was performed in order to apply reliability theory to journal bearing interfaces in order to estimate the reliability of each individual joint and to assess the overall reliability of the crankshaft bearing system of the CAT 3512B engine installed on the D19E diesel locomotive before operational deployment. Hiếu Trần Văn Tuấn Đỗ Đức Toàn Nguyễn Đức ##submission.copyrightStatement## 2026-02-15 2026-02-15 77 2 209 223 10.47869/tcsj.77.2.5 https://tcsj.utc.edu.vn/index.php/tcgtvt/article/view/2621 Stirrups are normally arranged from 45° to 90° to a beam axis to prevent shear crack and improving the shear carrying capacity of the normal reinforced concrete (RC) beams designed horizontally. However, in inclined RC elements, stirrups were arranged parallelly or vertically to the earth surface to be constructed easily. Under uncertain direction load such as earthquake, wind water pressure or collision loads and so on, the angle of stirrup could become larger than 90°. In that case, the contribution of the stirrups on shear carrying capacity can be minimized and the shear transferring mechanism can be changed. This paper presents experimental results on RC beams with the inclined angle of stirrups of 90°, 105°, 125° và 135°. The results showed that all tested beams were failed in shear compression mode. The angle of the critical shear crack in the RC beam with the inclined angle of stirrup greater than 90° was guided by the inclined stirrup. Therefore, the larger the inclined angle of the stirrup is, the smaller the angle of critical shear crack is and the smaller the shear carrying capacity of the beam is. The experimental result also showed that the inclined angle of stirrups should not be larger than 105°. Hùng Nguyễn Đình Thắng Nguyễn Từ Tiên Nguyễn ĐVT Thủy Vẹn Phan Lâm Linh Trần Ngọc ##submission.copyrightStatement## 2026-02-15 2026-02-15 77 2 154 165 10.47869/tcsj.77.2.1 https://tcsj.utc.edu.vn/index.php/tcgtvt/article/view/2644 The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) has been widely applied in behavioral research; however, studies on electric vehicles (EVs) have reported inconsistent findings regarding the relative influence of its antecedent constructs on behavioral intention. This study employs a two-stage meta-analytic structural equation modeling (TS-MASEM) approach to evaluate an extended TPB model incorporating Environmental Concern (EC) within the context of emerging economies. Data extracted from 31 empirical studies across 30 journal articles were coded to estimate effect sizes among five constructs based on ten correlations. The results reaffirm the validity of the constructs within the TPB model in explaining behavioral intention and reveal that EC exerts an indirect positive effect on intention through attitude, thereby highlighting the critical mediating role of attitude in EV adoption behavior. Overall, these findings strengthen the empirical foundation of the extended TPB and provide valuable evidence. Finally, policy implications are proposed to support sustainable mobility transitions in developing countries such as Vietnam. Mỹ Cao Thị Xuân Tấn Văn Hồng ##submission.copyrightStatement## 2026-02-15 2026-02-15 77 2 196 208 10.47869/tcsj.77.2.4 https://tcsj.utc.edu.vn/index.php/tcgtvt/article/view/2727 The acute lack of parking spaces in Hanoi capital, combined with rising urban traffic pressure, makes predicting drivers’ parking location choices critically important. This study applies a Support Vector Machine (SVM) model to predict on-street parking location choice behavior in Hanoi. Input data were collected through questionnaire-based surveys administered directly to car drivers across different urban areas. The SVM model was evaluated using standard performance metrics. In addition, the study integrates model interpretation techniques, including SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) and Partial Dependence Plots (PDP), to clarify the relative importance and directional effects of influencing factors. The results indicate that the SVM model achieves high classification and prediction performance. Parking location choice behavior is primarily influenced by pricing mechanisms, road hierarchy, sidewalk characteristics, and congestion risk, while demographic factors exhibit limited impact. The results of this study offer several valuable implications and provide a scientific basis for the planning, design, and operation of parking systems in Hanoi. Chè Lê Văn Tân Đặng Minh Cậy Bùi Xuân ##submission.copyrightStatement## 2026-02-15 2026-02-15 77 2 166 180 10.47869/tcsj.77.2.2 https://tcsj.utc.edu.vn/index.php/tcgtvt/article/view/2698 Ground deformation induced by tunnelling in saturated soft ground is a critical issue affecting construction safety and the stability of adjacent structures. This study investigates ground deformation trends around tunnels using a Displacement-Controlled Model (DCM) within the framework of the Finite Element Method (FEM), under the assumption of small-strain behaviour. The tunnelling process is represented by prescribed displacements along the tunnel boundary, reflecting the mechanism of ground convergence towards the tunnel void during excavation. The model is validated against The Heathrow Express Trial Tunnel, in which the difference in maximum surface settlement is less than 5% compared with field monitoring data, demonstrating a good agreement in terms of deformation shape and trend. Based on the validated model, a systematic parametric study is conducted to examine the influences of tunnel diameter, burial depth, and volume loss ratio on ground deformation. The results indicate that the maximum settlement increases almost linearly with tunnel diameter, decreases significantly with increasing burial depth, and rises nonlinearly when the volume loss ratio exceeds approximately 1.5%. A case study of Ho Ch```i Minh City Metro Line No. 1 (Ben Thanh - Suoi Tien section) shows that the DCM approach can reasonably capture ground deformation trends under similar geological conditions. The findings provide a useful reference for trend assessment of ground deformation and surface settlement in urban tunnelling problems, without aiming to replace detailed design analyses. Dương Phạm Tuyên ##submission.copyrightStatement## 2026-02-15 2026-02-15 77 2 181 195 10.47869/tcsj.77.2.3 https://tcsj.utc.edu.vn/index.php/tcgtvt/article/view/2845 Trần Văn Giáp ##submission.copyrightStatement## 2026-02-10 2026-02-10 77 2 https://tcsj.utc.edu.vn/index.php/tcgtvt/article/view/2806 Trần Văn Giáp ##submission.copyrightStatement## 2026-01-15 2026-01-15 77 2 https://tcsj.utc.edu.vn/index.php/tcgtvt/article/view/2458 In high-speed railways, dynamic load factor has been received many studies recently. This work aims to determine the dynamic load factors of the traditional railway (1000 mm gauge) of North-South railway line in Vietnam. The objective of this research is to determine the dynamic load factors of the track based on the D19E locomotive with an axle load of 13.5 tons, rail P43, and ballast track. Simulation and experimental methods are implemented in the research. The simulation method was performed by SIMPACK software. The experimental method was carried out on a section of the North - South railway line in Vietnam. Based on the obtained simulation results, the dynamic load factors are 1.046, 1.110, and 1.361 corresponding to the speeds V=15km/h, V=30km/h, and V=70km/h. According to the experiment results, the dynamic load factors are 1.113, 1.134, and 1.181 corresponding to the speeds V=15km/h, V=30km/h, and V=70km/h. The results will be a tool for the track design engineer to implement correct design activities, and the design process will be safe and economical. Additionally, the SIMPACK software can be used to determine the dynamic coefficient for railways instead of experimental methods Dung Tran Anh Tham Mai Van Dao Pham Dinh ##submission.copyrightStatement## 2026-01-15 2026-01-15 77 2 85 99 10.47869/tcsj.77.1.7 https://tcsj.utc.edu.vn/index.php/tcgtvt/article/view/2623 Reliable rainfall data are essential for hydrological modelling and infrastructure planning, particularly in mountainous regions where gauge networks are sparse and climate risks are growing. Satellite rainfall products such as Climate Hazards Group Infrared Precipitation with Stations (CHIRPS) and Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP) have been increasingly applied worldwide, yet their performance in complex terrains remains uncertain. This study evaluates CHIRPS and GSMaP against daily observations from 11 meteorological stations in Northwest Vietnam during 2000–2024 and applies an elevation-based bias correction. Statistical analyses were used to compare accuracy, including RMSE and correlation, and performance maps were generated to reveal spatial error patterns. The results show that CHIRPS achieved lower RMSE but tended to underestimate rainfall at high-elevation stations, while GSMaP yielded slightly higher correlations (R² ≈ 0.74–0.81) but often overestimated rainfall in mid-elevation valleys. Elevation-based correction reduced RMSE, narrowed bias spread across the network, and produced notable improvements at upland sites. These corrected datasets enhance reliability for hydrological simulations and flood risk assessment, especially along National Highway 6, where landslides and flash floods frequently disrupt traffic. Overall, the findings demonstrate the practical value of integrating satellite rainfall with ground observations to supplement precipitation information in ungauged regions, supporting safer and climate-resilient transport infrastructure in mountainous areas Noi Doan Thi Son Nguyen Hoang Phuong Tran Thu ##submission.copyrightStatement## 2026-01-15 2026-01-15 77 2 112 126 10.47869/tcsj.77.1.9 https://tcsj.utc.edu.vn/index.php/tcgtvt/article/view/2471 Vibrations of existing structures induced by wind, traffic, and human activities are often ambient in nature. These vibrations typically have low amplitudes, making it challenging to capture their motion with a camera. This paper presents a framework for measuring the displacement of structural ambient vibrations without physical contact using a low-cost camera. The micro-amplitude vibrations of the structure are captured by the camera and then amplified using the Phase-Based Video Motion Magnification (PVMM). The centroid of structural target segments in each image frame is tracked using the proposed Shape-Box Tracking (SBT). Unwanted background objects are removed using the proposed Line-Based Color Selection (LCS). Vibration characteristics are determined using frequency-based analysis and Random Decrement Technique (RDT). Two experiments based on the proposed framework were conducted to demonstrate its effectiveness. The first involved free-decay vibration testing with large amplitudes, while the second focused on ambient vibration with small amplitudes, emphasizing motion magnification. The success of this method paves the way for applying low-cost cameras in the operational measurement of existing structures Luu Le Xuan Binh Luong Xuan Quan Ha Van Hien Ta Thi ##submission.copyrightStatement## 2026-01-15 2026-01-15 77 2 16 29 10.47869/tcsj.77.1.2